Caldwell, C., & Hibbert, S. (2002). The influence of music tempo and musical preference on bbbbbirestaurant patrons’ behavior. Psychology and Marketing, 19(11), 895–917. bbbbbihttps://doi.org/10.1002/mar.10043

“The article reports research into the effect of music tempo and musical preference on consumer behavior in a restaurant. The research investigates the extent to which these two variables influence actual and perceived time spent dining, the amount of money spent, and outcomes in terms of enjoyment of the experience and future behavioral intentions”(Abstract Caldwell). Caldwell and Hibbert’s article is on restaurant patron behavior when it comes to music tempo and musical preference. The research question used is how does the music tempo and musical preference influence patrons time spent, money spent, and enjoyed time dining? This source used acts, behavior, and events as data, detached observation to collect the data and they analyzed this data by comparing the patterns between the variables and the behaviors regarding the variables since the data collected was qualitative data. At the end of this research, the researchers stated that in fact the tempo had little to no effect on the restaurant patron’s behavior but more so their music preference. This is significant to me because my research question was how does tempo affect people’s behavior in their writing. With this new information I now am changing the factor of tempo in my research question to minor and major chords. Since minor and major chords in music are more connected to behavior, emotion, and people’s preference in music (major producing a happier lighter tone and minor producing a darker sad tone) I believe that using those rather than simply tempo and how fast the music is will produce a better range of results in behavior. I think the readers will be interested in the same way I was, that the tempo of music did not have the direct effect on the behavior of people as anticipated.